Internal-combustion engine.



I. H. K. McCOLLUM.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, I909- 1 2 l 2 65 3 v Patented Jan. 16, 1917.

2 SHEETSSHEET l- 56 I 1. H. K. McCOLLUM.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED 111N211. 19119.

Patented Jan. 16,1?117.

' '2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H9: 5" Mlneaaea .g g F Janus nann KEIGHLY neceitnnza, or ronoeiro, onmai canana, assmnon r0 r GEORGE E. GQODEEHAM,

AQHN wromrranowns ronsrna, AND run AneYL s" nmxrnn, or ALEXANDRIA}..SCOTLAND INTERNAL-GOMBKlSTION ENGINE.

I itileeification of Letters Patent. Patented jan, 18,1911

; a licant-sin as? aaiace. seriemaicaeia county of 'Y0rk,.Pr0vince of Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada, have invented certain'new and useful Improvements in Interrial-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a'specification' The invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines, as described in thQI OIlOWIDg specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings that form'part spectively said openings being connected of the same.

The invention consists essentially in the novel construction and arrangement of parts whereby reciprocatory and lateral motions are imparted to a cylindrical valve to control .the ingress and egress of the gases to and from the cylinder. l

The objects of the invention are, to facilitat-e the operation ofinternal combustion engines,.to utilize the operating fluid to the fullest extent,- and generally to. provide an engine of simple construction, smooth and even in its operation and particularly adapt-- able to motor cars and launches. l

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the engine, showing the main shaft in cross section. Fig.2 is a vertical sectional view of the engine on a plane through the main shaft. Fig. 3 is a plan View in section on the line ab ofFi 1.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view on a plane" through the upper tier of valvev ports. Fig.

5 is a diagrammatic view showing the relative positions of'the ports of the valve and, cylinder at the'middle of the suction stroke of the-piston. Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic 0. ports of the valve and. cylinder at the midview showing therelative positions of the (lle of the compression stroke. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic View showlngthe relative positions of the ports of the valve and cylinder at the middle of the power stroke. Fig. 815 a diagrammatic view showing the relative positions of the ports of the valve and cylinder at the middle of the exhaust stroke. Referring to the drawings, 1 k and 2 are 'rated by the wall '9.

, ferential row in the flange 24 extending outwardly casings twining respectively the main portion'of the cylinder 3 and the water jacket The upper end of the casing 2 is enlarged and extends upwardly beyond the casing l forming an annular recess 6.

7 and 8 are annular chambers formed in the enlarged upper end of 10 and 1 1 are openings iirthdouterwall of the upper portion of the cas1ng2 com-. municating with the chambers 7 and 81ewith the inlet and exhaust pipes 12 and 13 respectively. v

14 are inlet ports arranged in a. circumlar chamber 7.

15 are the exhaust ports arranged in a cirthe casing 2' sepainner wall of the annuing 1 and fitted on to the re'dhced upper end 5 of the said casing and'completing thecylinder or combustion chamber. I

17 are inlet ports arranged in a 'c rcuin? ferential, row in the wall.

The cap 16 is formedwith a double wall,

the outer portion 19 thereof completing the water jacket 4 of the cylinder.

-17 and 18 arethe inletand exhaust ports;

in the inner wall-of the cap 16 arranged in radial alinement with the inlet and exhaust ports 1% and 15. respectively leading to the annularchambers'7 and 8 respectively. a 22 is a lateral flange formed at the bottom end of the cap 16 and fitting into the annular recess 6.

23 is a cylindrical casing littin'g within the enlarged upper portion of the casing 2 and abutting the outer portion of the flange 22 at the upper side and having the lateral and overthe top end of the casing 2. p 25 are inlet ports through the casing 23 registering with the'ports 14. T

26 are exhaust ports in the casing 23 registering with the ports 15.

The casing 23 is secured to the upper end of the casing 2 by the bolts 27.

l ed to register with the exhaust ports 18 and 26, said ports 30 being staggered in relation to the ports 29.

The valve 28 fits snugly between the outer 'wall of the cap 16 and the inner wall of the cylindrical casing 23 and is adapted to reciprocat and rotate around said cap.

31 are packing rings arranged in suitable recesses in the outer wall of the cap 16, to each side of the inlet and exhaust ports and packing the valve 28.

32 is a splder secured to or forming part with the valve 28 and having a stem 33 extending upwardly from the center thereof.

34 is a collar loosely surrounding the stem 33.

35 is a washer resting against the upper side of the collar 34 and held in position by the nuts 36threaded on said stem.

37 is a journal bracket extending inwardly from the inner wall of the casing 23.

38 is a short spindle or shaft journaled in the bracket 37.

39 is a lever fixedly secured to the shaft 38 and extending outwardly through the slot 40 in the casing 23.

41 are arms fixedly secured to the ends of the shaft 38 and extending inwardly from the center of the casing.

42 are pins extending through the inner ends of the arms 41 and secured in the collar 34, said pins being arranged diametrically opposite one to the other and forming a pivot for the said arms.

' The collar 34 fits loosely on the spindle 33 so as to allow a slight lateral movement of said collar on the tilting of the lever 34 and arms 41, the said collar with said lever arms forming a means for reciprocating the valve 28.

43 is a bracket extending inwardly from the'opposite side of the ca'sing 23 to the journal bracket 37. 44 is a shaft journaled in said bearing and extending outwardly from one end thereof and havinga downward extension 45 at its outer end, said ex-- tension having a ball shaped end 46.

. 47 is an, arm rigidly secured to theshaft periphery shaped end 51 embracing the ball end of the stud 49 and the cup shaped'end '52 embrac- 'iiig the ball shaped end 46 of the shaft .44.

crank of the shaft to the arm 47 secured to the shaft 44. An operating connection is thus established between the shafts38 and 44 with the main shaft and the valve 28 is operated to open and close theports' leading to the cylinder, as more particularly set forth hereinafter.

58 is a cap covering in the upper end of the casing 23 and secured to the flange 24b the bolts 27, said cap having a central opening 59 therethrough to receive the end of the stem 33.

60 is an inlet opening in the side Wall of the casing 2 leading to the water jacket 4 and communicating with the water supply the circulation of water being directed upward through the water jacket and the cap 16 by a partition wall 61 arranged immediately below the opening 60 and extending upwardly to a point adjacent to the top of the cap 16, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2.

62 are tubular casings extending downwardly from the cup 58 and communicating with the combustion chamber and having the spark plugs 63 secured therein, said tubes extending between the arms in the spider 32 and forming protecting casings for the electric wires leading to said plugs.

In the operation of this device the sec ondary crank shafts 53 and 54 are suitably driven from the main shaft 55 of the engine and as the piston operates within the cylinder, said secondary shafts are rotated and through the connections hereinbefore described operate the cylindrical valve 28, the rocker formed by the lever 39 and arms 41 reciprocating the said valve and the arm 47 and connecting rod rotating said valve. Vhen the valve 28 is in the position just beginning to open the inlet ports, the crank right angular relation to the connecting rod connecting said crank with the arm 47 and as the said crank rotates the shaft 44 is rocked in its bearings and through the connecting rod 50 rotates the valve 28 opening the said inlet ports. As the crank of the shaft 54 is substantially at right angles to the connecting rod at the beginning of the opening of the inlet ports, the said valve is rotated to open the said ports very quickly and as the said secondary shaft 54 continues its rotationthe connecting rod 57 i to said crank is retarded in its vertical movement through the crank approaching the dead center, consequently the motion of the valve is retarded and the ports held opened. Co-

lac

incident with the retarding of the rotary movement of the valve 28, the crank of shaft 53 approaches the position of right "angular relation with the connecting rod 56 connecting said crank to therocker army 39 and consequently the movement imparted to said rocker arm Will increasein rapidity, reaching the fastest point of its movement when said crank and connecting rod are in right angular relation. The rocker arm then lifts upwardly on the valve 28 so that bothfihe inlet. and exhaust ports in said valve; are moved, above the inlet and exhaust ports respectively in the cylinder head and above the packing rings in the outer portion of the cap 23. A very quick closing of the inlet ports is thus obtained and the said ports are completely closed just prior to the'upwa'rd movement of thepi's'ton in its,

As the inlet and excompression stroke. haust ports in the valve28 are arranged the same distance apart vertically, as the ports in the cylinder-head, both the inlet and exhaust ports'in said valve are raised by the movement of said rocker arm above and clear of the ports in said cylinder and packed securely by the'packing rings in the cap 23. During the compression'and expansionstr'oke of the pistonthe secondary shafts 5'3 and 54 operate the valve 28 so that the exhaust ports are brought into substantially vertical alinement with the exhaust ports in the cylinder head -So that on the beginning of the exhaust stroke of the piston the said ports begin to open' the exhaust passages in the cylinder head. At the point of opening of the -said exhaust ports, the crank of the secondary shaft 53 is in substantially right angular relation with the connecting rod connecting the rocker arm 39 .for reciprocating said valve, consequently the valve-moves downwardly very quickly,

opening the exhaust ports very rapidly and, giving a wide open port with a very short movement of the crank shaft] The crank of the shaft 53 having passed the right angular position in relation to the connecting rod on the-opening of the exhaust port, the "vertical movement of the said connecting rod is retarded as the said crank approaches the dead center," thus maintaining a wide open port for the maximum period. The secondary shaft 54 during this period moves over through the connections with the secondhaust passage, if so desired.

ary shafts 53 and 54 in such a manner that the ports are both opened and closed with a very quick movement and that a period of comparative rest occurs when the ports are Wide open through the change in the relation of the operating cranks and their. connecting rods as they approach or pass over the dead centers.

It will benoted from the foregoing description and an inspection of Figs. 5 to 8 inclusive of the drawing that the ports in the sleeve valve approach the corresponding fixed ports in the cylinder in one directionand leave said fixedports in a direction more or less at right angles to the first .direction, the opening and closing movements being rapid and the intermediate movement relatively sl'ow,'thus producing the desired quick opening and-closing of the" ports while obtaining a maximum port area and affording ample opportunity for the inlet and escape of gases. To attain the maxi-e, mum result from the quick opening and closing movements the edges of the ports which coincide in opening are parallel so that the port is opened throughout its width andthe adjacent edges of the ports which coincide in closing are also, parallel.

, A distinguishing feature of the form of the invention illustrated in the drawings is that the movable ports describe a quarter circle, more or less, in passing the fixed ports and that the edges ofeaclrpair, of ports which coincide in the opening movement are adjacent to the edges which coin- 10g cide in the closing movement, whereas in most slide valve movements the movable ports move directly across, or from one side A to the opposite side of the fixed ports.

The. packing rings are arranged both above and below the row of ports and as the valve 28 is raised sothat the ports therein are moved upwardly clear of the ports in I the cylinder head, the said'pa'cking rings.- insure the propemclosing of the ports dur- 11o ing the compression and expansion strokes of the piston. n v

The valve 28 operates freely in the annuf lar recess formed to the outside of the. cap 16and is thoroughly protected from undue heating by the water jacket 4 arranged between the valve-and the combustion chamher, the said water jacket may be extended upwardly between the valve and the ex- In order to obviate any possibility of undue compression occurring in the chamber in which the, valve is inclosed, suitable; grooves maybe formed in the casing inclosing said valve to allow the free escape of air 12:;

on the downward movement of said valve.

Avery good feature in the construction herein shown and described is that the valve -28 'is completely separated from the cor-r.

bastion chambeigbeing held within'a recess in the casing, consequently it is absolutely free of end pressure from the expansion of the gases.

The spider formation of the upper portion of the valve 28 allows a perfect Lubrication, as oil may be fed to fall on the top of/ the cap 16 and find its way into the valve seat.

The arms of the spider may In slightly concaved so that a certain amount of the oil within the casing would be conducted to lubricate the outer face of the said valve. The construction of the connecting rod 50. and its co-acting parts is important to this device, in order to impart the rotary movement to the said valve, that is to say, the said connecting rod must be swivelly connected at both ends.

In the construction herein shown and described, two separate rows of ports are shown but the arrangement of the ports may be varied if desired as also may the construction and arrangement of the valve.

Various changes in constructional features may be made without departing from the spirit of this invention so long as the essential feature of operating a cylindrical valve with a combined reciprocal and lateral movement resulting in the valve traveling on the surface of the cylinder with a circular movement longitudinally of said cylind is adhered to, that is to say, so that the port in said valve trave s in a substantially circular path, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder.

What I claim as my invention is 1. In an internal combustion engine, a

1 cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, a

piston operating in said cylinder, and a cylindrical valve separate from the piston and having suitable ports, said valve being operated with a combined reciprocal and lateral movement causing the valve portsto travel in a substantially circular path on the surface ofthe cylinder.

2. In a four cycle internal combustion engine, a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, a piston operating in said cylinder, and a cylindrical valve arranged substantially co-axial'with said piston and separate therefrom and operated with a combined reciprocal and partial rotary movement causing the valve port to travel in a substantially circular path one diameter of which is parallel with the axis of the cylinder.

3. In a four cycle internal combustion engine, a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, a piston operating in said cylinder, a cylindrical valve having ports to cooperate with the cylinder ports, and means for moving said valve so that the port thereof travels in a substantially circular path one diameter of which extends longitudinally of the cylinder.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, a piston operating in said cylinder, at cylindrical valve separate from the piston, and means operatively connected with said piston for imparting to said valve a substantially circular movement one diameter of which extends longitudinally of the cylinder vto control the inlet and exhaust.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having inlet ports and exhaust ports circumferentially arranged and at right angles to the axis of the cylinder, a piston operating in said cylinder, a cylin drical valve having ports adapted to register with the said cylinder ports, and means for operating said valve to movethe valve ports laterally into and out of longitudinal alinement with the cylinder ports and longi tudinally to move said valve ports into and out of lateral alinement with said cylinder ports, to open and close the inlet, to retain the gases during compression and firing and to open and close the exhaust.

G. In a four cycle internal combustion engine, a main cylinder, :1 single valving cylinder located in contact withsaid main cylinder and adapted for performing lts valving functions by a combined motion, a piston working Within said cylinder but moving independently of the valving cylinder, and an actuating means for imparting motion to the valving cylinder laterally and longitudinally.

7. In an internal combustion engine, a four cycle engine valve system, comprising, a main cylinder having inlet and outlet ports at right angles to the axis of the cylinder and near its head, a separately movable cylinder having ports that co-act with the main cylinder ports, a piston moving Within said main cylinder, means for oscillating said valving cylinder with less than semirotation to carry the ports into, and out of longitudinal alinement, and means for re ciprocating said valving cylinder with a stroke less than the stroke of the piston to carry said ports into and out of lateral alinement for controlling the admission, compression, retention during explosion, and final expulsion of the Working medium.

8. In an internal combustionengine, a

cylinder having suitable inlet and exhaust not openings, a cylindrical valve, amain shaft and a valve gear operatively connected to said mam shaft and having a rocker arm operatively connected with sald valve and adapted to reciprocate said valve, and means operatively connected with said main'shaft and With said valve for rotating said valve coincidently with the reciprocal movement.

9. In an internal combustion engine a cylinder having suitable inlet and exhaust openings, 'acylindrical valve, a main shaft,

a secondary shaft operated from said main naiaeaa Y v shaft, and a valve gear having a rocker arm and a link connected to said valve and rotating the same, and means operatively connected to the main shaft for reciprocating said valve. 10. In an internal. combustion engine, a cylinder having suitable inlet and exhaust openings, a cylindrical valve, a main shaft, a pluralityof secondary cranlt shafts operated from said main shaft, and a valve gear having a rocker arm connected to oneof said crank shafts and to said valve and reciprocating the same and a rocker arm connected to the other of said secondary shafts-and by a link to said valve and rotating the same. i

11. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having suitable inlet and exhaust openings, a cylindrical valve, a main shaft, a secondary shaft operated from said main shaft, and a'valve gear having a rocker arm operated from said secondary shaft, said rocker arm.being Ope'ratively connected to said valve and reciprocating said valveand, means for rotating said valve.

12. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder having inlet and exhaust openin s, a cylindrical valve having a spider at t e top. thereof supporting a central stem, a collar encircling said stem, means for holding said collar on said stem, a main shaft,

a secondary shaft, and a valve gearhaving' a. rockerarmconnected to said collar and to said secondary shaft and means for rotating said valve. v

13. In aninternal combustion engine, a

cylinder-having inlet and exhaust openings,

a cylindrical valve having a spider at the top thereof supporting a central stem, :1.

collar encircling said stem, means for holding said collar on said stem, a main shaft,

a secondary shaft, and a valve gear having gear having a rocker arm and a link pivot, ally connecting said stud to said rocker arm,

a rocker arm connected to said collar and a rod pivotallysecured to its other end, sald rod being connected to said secondary shaft 'and means for rotat ng said valve.

1%. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder having inlet and exhaust openings,

a cylindrical valve having a spider supporting a central stem and a stud PI'OJBCtlIlg from said spider to one side of the center, a

main shaft, a secondary shaft, and a valve cylinder havin the ports to register at the nected to said stud and to said arm, and means for reciprocating said valve.

16. In. an internal combustion engine, a

"suitable inlet and exhaust openings, at cy indrical valve having inlet and exhaust openings adapted to register with the inlet and exhaust openings respectively in said cylinder, a valve gear hav ing arocker arm connected to said valve and adapted to impart a. reciprocatory motion thereto and a'rockerarm connected to said valve and adapted to impart a rotary motion thereto, a main shaft, a seconds crank shaft operated from said main sha and operatively connected with said rocker armto reciprocate said valve and. a secondary crank shaftoperated from said main shaft and operatively' connected with said valve to rotate said. valve.

17.111 an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an enlarged end and inlet and exhaust openings therein, a cap secured within the enlarged upper end of said cyline der and closing in the combustion chamher and forming an annular valve chamber outside of said combustion chamber, said cap having inlet and exhaust openings therethrough registering with the inlet and exhaust openings in said cylinder, a cylindrical valve operating in said valve cham her and having inlet and exhaust ports.

adapted to register with the ports in said cylinder and cap, a main shaft and a valve gear operated from said main shaft and operatively connected with said valve,

18. In an internal combustion engine, a, cylinder having a circumferential roW of inlet ports and a circumferential row of exhaust ports and inlet and exhaust pas. sages communicating with said ports, said inlet ports being arranged in vertical alinement with said exhaust ports, a cylindrical valve having a circumferential row of inlet ports adapted to register With the inlet ports in said cylinder and a circumferential row of exhaust ports adapted to register with the exhaust ports in said cylinder, the

inlet ports in-said valve being staggered in relation to the exhaust ports therein, a main shaft, and a valve gear adapted to impart to said valve rotatory and reciprocatory motions. T v t 1-9. In an internalcombustion engine, the

combination with a cylinder, containing a port, of a piston in said cylinder, a valve containing a port movable on said cylinder and relatively to said piston, and means to.

move said valve parallel to the -axis of the cylinder and at right angles thereto to cause proper times in the engine cycle.

:20. Inan internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder containing a port; of a piston in said cylinder, a valve containing a port concentric with said pis ton and cylinder and movable relatively to said piston and means to reciprocate and oscillate said valve to cause the ports to register at the proper times in the engine cycle.

21. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a main cylinder provided with intake and exhaust ports, a single valving-element consisting of an independently slidable, concentric member with ports lo cated to cooperate with the ports in the main cylinder, said valving element having a movement of reciprocation and oscillation combined that Will consecutively open the exhaust and intake passages and close the same during compression and Working strokes, an operating piston working Within, but unattached to said 'valving-element, an engine shaft operated by said piston, and means actuated therefrom for controlling the independent movement of said valving element. I

22. The combination with a cylinder of an internal combustion engine having inlet and exhaust ports, of a sleeve outside said cylinder in axial coincidence therewith and having ports adapted to register with said ports of the cylinder, andimeans for imparting to said sleeve a combined reciprocatory and rotary motion to control the lnlet to and exhaust from said cylinder.

23. In a four cycle internal combustion engine a fixed cylinder, a cylindrical slide valve rigid against internal pressure coaxial with and outside the cylinder, inlet and outlet ports both controlled by the slide valve, a piston in the fixed cylinder, and

means whereby the valve is moved to close the cylinder ports during the compression 40 and explosion cycles of the engine,

24. In an internal combustion engine, a fixed cylinder, a cylindrical slide valve rigid against internal pressure, co-axial with and outside the cylinder, inlet and outlet ports both controlled by the slide valve, means for cooling the fixed cylinder within the cylindrical valve, a piston in the fixed cylinder, and means whereby the valve is moved to close the cylinder ports during" the compression and explosion cycles of the engine. 25.111 a four cycle internal combustion engine, the combinationwith a fixed cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, of a cylindrical slide valve rigid against internal pressure and co-axial with and outside the cylinder and having inlet and exhaust ports reliance therein, a piston operating in said fixed cylinder, and means whereby the valve is moved to open and close the exhaust and inlet ports successivel and to maintain said ports closed during the compression and explosion cycles of the engine.

20. In a four cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a fiitedcylim der having inlet and exhaust ports, of a cylindrical slide valve rigid against internal pressure and co-axial with and outside the cylinder and having inlet and exhaust ports therein, means for cooling said cylinder arranged within the, cylindrical valve, a piston operating in said cylinder, and means whereby the valve is moved to open and close the exhaust and inlet ports successively and to maintain the said ports closed during the compression and explosion cycles of the engine.

27. In a four-cycle internal. combustion engine, a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, a piston operating in said cylinder, a cylindrical valve having ports to cooperate with the cylinder ports, and means for moving said valve so that the ports thereof travel in a substantially circular path, one diameter of which extends longitudinally of the cylinder, one side of each valve port coinciding with one side of the correspond ing cylinder port in opening the port and the adjacent side of each valve port coinciding with the adjacent side of the corresponding cylinder port in closing, respectively.

28. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, a piston operating in said cylinder, and a cylindrical valve separate from the piston and having suitable ports, said valve being operated with a combined reciprocal and lateral movement causing the valve ports 'to travel in a substantially circularpath on the surface of the cylinder, one of the component movements of the valve being mainly used to bring the ports in the valve into register with the ports in the cylinder and the other component movement being mainly used to move the valve ports out of register with the cylinder ports.

Signed at the city of Toronto, county of York, Province of Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada, this 27th day of May 1909.

JAMES HARRY KEIGHLY MOCOLLUM.

Witnesses Dnnnisox, {i HnuoN. 

